In Magento 2, they use the word complex data as a term to refer to the data which is connected with multiple product options. The three product types using data that originally come from independent products with aim to create product variations and multiple options are Configurable Product, Grouped Product, Bundle Product.
Configurable Product
We can simply understand configurable product as a single product which combines with various options for each variation. To go into detail, each option can be considered as a particular simple product with its own SKU – the code that helps distinguish products individually and makes it possible to track inventory for each product variation. If you want to get a similar effect, you totally can start from a simple product then associate it with custom options. However, there is no ability to track inventory for specific variation for that kind of product.
Grouped Product
A grouped product is a combination of simple products that have link with each others and are presented as a group. You can group variations of a single product or combine them by season or theme to create a set of different products. Customers can purchase product separately or as part of the group or all group as their demand. Additionally, each item is listed separately in the shopping cart.
Bundle Product
Bundle product is called customizable product that you can build your own. Item included in a bundle product can be based on simple product or virtual product.
If you export a configurable product, standard attributes which make up a simple product would be the roots for plus the additional attributes that are needed to manage complex data.
Complex Data Attributes
Conclusion
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